Analysis of COVID patients employing Approximate Entropy and Deep Learning for classification and early diagnosis

Diego Rodrigo DiegoRodrigoCornejo1, Antonio Gabriel Ravelo-Garcı́a2, Marı́a Fernanda Rodrı́guez Marı́a Fernanda Rodrı́guez Marı́a Fernanda Rodrı́guez1, Luz Alexandra Dı́az1, Victor Andres Cabrera-Caso3, Dante Condori-Merma Dante Condori-Merma3, Miguel Vizcardo4
1Escuela Profesional de Fı́sica, Universidad Nacional de San Agustı́n de Arequipa, 2Institute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Interactive Technologies Institute (ITI/LARSyS and ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal, 3Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, 4Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa


Abstract

Due to its rapid propagation and enormous number of infected people, COVID-19 is the greatest pandemic in the past 100 years, with millions of deaths. The need for accessible, quick, and non-invasive diagnostic techniques persists despite a decline in cases recently. Because of this, in the current work we develop a densely connected neural network that uses heart rate data to identify between patients with COVID and healthy individuals. The Stanford University database was used, which underwent a feature extraction and the usage of approximation entropy. With an accuracy of 93% and an AUC of 0.956, the results demonstrated to be more than good at categorization, supporting the usefulness of this approach for the accurate identification of COVID cases.